【点名时间】——国际护士模拟试题9

　　今天是【点名时间】与你第9次见面。

　　当你每天想起来这里看看的时候，你已经开启了查缺补漏的备考模式。

　　不用担心还有很多题没做完，时间也不够了。距离开考还有一段日子，我们还来得及。

　　今天，继续用模拟题来建立信任和树立信心。

　　41. A home health nurse is visiting a patient with ovarian cancer. The patient has experienced decreased appetite and a significant weight loss in the past three weeks. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

　　A. Recommend multiple small feedings of high protein foods.

　　B. Plan to include the majority of calories for the day at breakfast.

　　C. Apply the standard care plan for altered nutrition: less than body requirements.

　　D. Collect additional information to determine potential causes of the weight loss.

　　42. When informed consent is obtained from the patient, the explanation of the surgical procedure, possible risks. complications and alternatives is the responsibility of the

　　A. registered nurse.

　　B. surgeon.

　　C. admission clerk.

　　D. anesthesiologist.

　　43. The best nursing approach to parents who are displaying anxiety and guilt when their child is hospitalized is to

　　A. explain the dangers of excess anxiety and guilt.

　　B. distract their attention to something less painful.

　　C. anticipate their emotional responses and acknowledge them.

　　D. give personal examples that are similar to their situation.

　　44. The most effective way to manage pain for a patient with terminal cancer is for the nurse to administer pain medication

　　A. at eight-hour intervals.

　　B. on a continuous, around-the-clock schedule.

　　C. as the pain reaches peak level.

　　D. when the patient can no longer tolerate the pain.

　　45. A follow-up home visit is conducted on an elderly patient after a recent hospitalization. The patient reports nocturia. Which of the following patient instructions by the nurse would most effectively address the patient's nocturia?

　　A. Avoid liquids after 5 pm.”

　　B. Keep a low-wattage light on in the hallway.”

　　C. "Wear a disposable undergarment at bedtime.”

　　D. "Obtain a bedside commode.”

　　昨天答案解析

　　36. Key：B

　　Client Need, Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

　　B. A consensual pupil response occurs when the client looks straight ahead and each eye is examined from the client's side with a penlight. A normal response is when the pupil opposite the one illuminated constricts simultaneously.

　　A. A direct reaction occurs when illuminated pupils constrict.

　　C and D.

　　Accommodation and pupillary convergence occur when the client stares at an object three to four feet away and when moving the object toward the patient's nose, pupils move together and constrict as the object moves in toward the nose. Pupil responses are uniform.

　　37. Key: B

　　Client Need: Psychosocial Adaptation

　　B. The purging (vomiting) and/or diuretic use associated with bulimia results in a loss of potassium (hypokalemia), causing diminished reflexes, fatigue and, if severe, cardiac arrbythmias.

　　A. Hypokalemia, rather than hyperkalemia, is associated with bulimia.

　　C and D.

　　Potassium loss due to laxative and diuretic abuse is common in bulimics, rather than calcium abnormalities.

　　38. Keys：C

　　Client Need: Pkysiological Adaptation

　　C. Many alternative therapies have persisted and grown because people find them useful. Acknowledging the full breadth of services that individuals use and working with them is more productive than ignoring what the client chooses to do in the quest for wholeness and health. The patient should communicate the therapies with his/her professional before embarking on them to make sure there are no deleterious effects.

　　A Insurance companies sometimes do not recognize many of the complementary therapies. The nurse would have to discuss this with the physician.

　　B. The patient has already made the arrangements for massage, so she must have her transportation needs addressed.

　　D. It would not be wise to hold medication because blood levels need to be maintained. Complementary therapies ate most effective when they are used in conjunction with medical practices.

　　39. Key：C

　　Client Need: Physiological Adaptation

　　C. An overweight adolescent usually becomes an overweight adult. It is important, therefore, to take measures that would allow the adolescent to be successful in promoting and maintaining weight loss. Decreasing daily caloric intake, reducing portions, and eliminating high-fat foods and junk food are all appropriate measures that would help the teen reach this goal. In addition to modifying the diet,some type of regular physical activity is needed to facilitate weight loss and promote good cardiovascular health. Therefore, teens must incorporate exercise activities into their plans for weight loss.

　　A. Vitamins are an important component of a well-balanced and nutritious diet. Vitamins should not be decreased in a weight reduction diet. Vitamins are essential for normal metabolic activity.

　　B. Reducing the quantity of food eaten by preparing smaller portions is a realistic approach for weight loss. The quality of the food is also significant. Substituting low-calorie foods for high-calorie foods and snacks will help the teen lose weight. There is no evidence that decreasing the amount of meals would help decrease the total number of calories consumed. Skipping meals can cause the teen to develop unhealthy eating habits.

　　D. "Fast foods" are generally high-fat, high-caloric foods and should be eliminated or eaten infrequently when dieting. Healthy snacks, such as fruit and raw vegetables that are easy to prepare. should be encouraged.

　　40. Key：A

　　Client Need: Management of Care

　　A. The patient should be examined for possible causes of the elevated temperature first. Stress, infection,respiratory problems and dehydration are all possible reasons for a temperature elevation on the first postoperative day.

　　B. There is no indication that the patient is receiving antibiotics. Altering the times of antibiotics could change the peak and trough levels.

　　C. Calling the physician would not be a first step. Assessment would he first.

　　D. Blood cultures are usually not obtained until patient temperature levels are higher.

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