What can a nurse practitioner expect to earn today? And what does location, education, and an aging U.S. population all have to do with it?

一个执业护士在今天能挣多少钱?地理位置、教育程度和美国人口老龄化都与此有何关系?

Getting to the job of nurse practitioner isn't easy. It takes years of education and work in the field to make it, but people put the sweat in for a reason. 

从事执业护士的工作并不容易。这需要多年的教育和在这一领域的工作，但人们付出汗水是有原因的。

Not only can the job be fulfilling, assisting patients and the public at large with crucial expertise, it's also a reliably lucrative venture, with average salaries sitting high now and looking to go nowhere but up.

这项工作不仅能让人感到满足，用关键的专业知识帮助病人和广大公众，而且是一项可靠的有利可图的事业，现在的平均工资很高，除了涨工资，别无他法。

01.

What Is an Average Salary of a Nurse Practitioner?

执业护士的平均工资是多少?

Reports on the average salary of a nurse practitioner today remains fairly consistent across a number of different sources.

今天关于护士从业人员平均工资的报告，在许多不同的来源上仍然相当一致。

The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the average salary of a nurse practitioner in 2018 at around $107,030, with the lowest 10% earning $80,670 and the top 10% making $182,750. 

美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)公布，2018年执业护士的平均工资约为107,030美元，收入最低的10%为80,670美元，收入最高的10%为182,750美元。

ZipRecruiter places the 2019 average nurse practitioner salary at $107,949 and Glassdoor goes slightly higher, listing the average nurse practitioner salary at $117,292. Generally speaking, the Bureau of Labor Statistics provides the most reliable data on wages, but hasn't updated for the 2019.

ZipRecruiter给出的2019年执业护士平均工资为107,949美元，Glassdoor给出的数字略高，为117,292美元。一般来说，美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)提供了最可靠的工资数据，但没有更新2019年的数据。

According to a survey by PracticeMatch, nurse practitioner wages have been on the rise, with a mid-2018 average salary of $113,900 showing a 6.6% increase from the platform's findings last year of $106,000.

根据practice ematch的一项调查显示，护士从业人员的工资一直在上涨，2018年年中平均工资为113,900美元，较去年10.6万美元的调查结果增长6.6%。

Additionally, a current nursing shortage in the face of an aging boomer population has ensured the rise of salaries over the years and should continue to do so for several more to come.

此外，面对婴儿潮一代人口的老龄化，目前的护理人员短缺已经确保了这些年来工资的上涨，而且在未来几年还会继续上涨。

02.

What Factors Determine a Nurse Practitioner's Salary?

什么因素决定执业护士的工资?

①Employer 雇主

Demand for nurse practitioners extend beyond the average hospital. They can find work in the government, private practices, universities, tech startups, and more. Private practices will generally offer the most pay, while hospitals and the government may operate on a tighter budget that limits their room to pay above standard wages.

对护士从业人员的需求不只是一般医院。他们可以在政府、私人诊所、大学、科技初创公司等找到工作。私人诊所通常会提供最高的工资，而医院和政府可能会实行更严格的预算，限制它们支付高于标准工资的空间。

②Location 位置

As with almost all professions, location plays a big role in how much a nurse practitioner makes. Large urban centers like New York, Chicago, and L.A. need to offer wages adjusted to the cost of living and with the increased demand the population of these areas bring, inevitably overshadow wages in the country's rural areas. 

就像几乎所有的职业一样，地点对一个执业护士的收入有很大的影响。像纽约、芝加哥和洛杉矶这样的大城市中心需要提供根据生活成本调整的工资，随着这些地区的人口带来的需求增加，这些地区的工资必然会超过美国农村地区的工资。

San Francisco, for example, offers some of the highest nurse practitioner wages in the country, averaging at $150,790. This example is pretty extreme, but in the New York-Newark-Jersey City area, NPs also make a generous average of $125,570. Compared to average wages in non-metro areas like East Kentucky or West Central-Southwest New Hampshire at $89,300 and $106,160 respectively, these cities offer a good, albeit justified, bump in salary.

例如，旧金山的护士从业人员平均工资为150,790美元，是全美最高的。这个例子相当极端，但在纽约-纽瓦克-泽西市，NPs的平均收入也高达125,570美元。与肯塔基州东部和新罕布什尔州中西部等非都市区的平均工资(分别为89300美元和106160美元)相比，这些城市提供了一个不错的(尽管也是合理的)加薪机会。

③Experience/Education 经验/教育

As a nurse practitioner gains experience and further certification, their salary will typically grow in reflection of their qualification. 

作为一名执业护士，随着经验的积累和进一步的认证，他们的工资通常会随着资历的增长而增长。

Along with hands-on work in the field, education can also boost a practitioner's salary. A graduate degree often is a prerequisite for this job, but getting a doctorate can open the door to the most prestigious, highest-paying jobs a nurse practitioner could hope for.

除了在该领域的实践工作，教育也可以提高从业者的工资。研究生学位通常是这份工作的先决条件，但获得博士学位可以打开一扇门，从事护士的从业者可能希望从事最有声望、薪酬最高的工作。

④Geographic Breakdown of Nurse Practitioner Salaries

按地域划分的执业护士薪酬

As previously noted, location plays a big role in shaping the salary a nurse practitioner can expect. Beyond the urban/rural divide, they can vary significantly across regions of the country, with the Pacific holding the highest paying jobs by far and the Southeast and Midwest resting on the bottom end of the spectrum.

正如前面所提到的，地点对护士从业人员期望的薪水有很大的影响。除了城市和农村的差别，它们在全国各地的差别也很大，太平洋地区的工资最高，而东南和中西部的工资最低。

Southeast Region - $96,572

Midwest Region - $97,960

Southwest Region - $101,833

Rocky Mountain Region - $102,648

Northeast Region - $106,254

Pacific Region - $116,708

东南地区- $96,572

中西部地区- $97,960

西南地区- $101,833

落基山脉地区- 102,648美元

东北地区- $106,254

太平洋地区- $116,708

Top 5 Highest Paying States

California - $124,330

Alaska - $121,250

Massachusetts - $117,860

Hawaii - $117,180

New Jersey - $115,230

收入最高的5个州：

加州- 124330美元

阿拉斯加- 121250美元

马萨诸塞州- 117860美元

夏威夷- 117180美元

新泽西州- 115,230美元

Top 5 Lowest Paying States

Alabama - $92,130

Montana - $92,120

Arkansas - $89,440

Oklahoma - $85,920

Delaware - $83,000

收入最低的五个州：

阿拉巴马州——92.130美元

蒙大拿92.120美元

阿肯色州89.440美元

俄克拉荷马州- 85.920美元

特拉华州——83,000美元

03.

Becoming a Nurse Practitioner

成为执业护士

Becoming a nurse practitioner takes work. At the bare minimum, you'll need advanced degrees and training to break into the field. To begin with, you'll have to graduate from high school and enroll in an accredited college from where you can get a Bachelor of Science in nursing or similar degree.

成为一名执业护士需要努力。至少，你需要高学历和训练才能进入这个领域。首先，你必须从高中毕业，进入一所经过认证的大学，在那里你可以获得护理或类似学位的理学学士学位。

After or during your time pursuing this degree, you must become a registered nurse. Most degree programs for nursing will include getting your RN licensing, and most seeking to become a practitioner will get one or two years of experience in the role of a registered nurse before continuing to graduate school.

在你攻读这个学位之后或期间，你必须成为一名注册护士。大多数护理学位课程将包括获得注册护士执照，大多数想成为执业者的人将在继续读研前获得一到两年注册护士的工作经验。

For graduate school, you'll have a variety of programs to choose from, but the most common are a master of science in nursing (MSN) or a doctorate of nursing practice (DNP). An MSN takes roughly two years to complete while a DNP typically requires four years of work.

对于研究生院，你会有各种各样的课程可供选择，但最常见的是护理科学硕士(MSN)或护理实践博士(DNP)。MSN大约需要两年的时间来完成，而DNP通常需要四年的时间。

04.

Payment Outlook

薪酬前景

Projections remain sunny for the future payment of nurse practitioners. A shortage of labor in the field, new found recognition and respect for the role, and an increasing demand among America's aging population, underserved rural areas, and academia have all worked together to drive average salaries up.

对未来执业护士薪酬的预测依然乐观。该领域的劳动力短缺、新发现的对这一角色的认可和尊重，以及美国老龄化人口、服务不足的农村地区和学术界日益增长的需求，都共同推动了平均工资的上涨。

The biggest driver has been and will continue to be the ascension of America's baby-boom generation into their old age. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that demand for nurse practitioners will increase 31% from 2016 to 2026, making the question not so much will there be enough demand for nurse practitioners in the future, but will there be enough nurse practitioners to meet the demand.

美国婴儿潮一代步入老年，一直是并将继续是最大的推动力。美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)预计，从2016年到2026年，对护士从业人员的需求将增加31%，这使得未来对护士从业人员的需求将会很大，会不会有足够的护士从业人员来满足需求。

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